lib: add dynamic array type

Signed-off-by: Christian Hopps <chopps@labn.net>

.clang-format

@@ -87,6 +87,8 @@ ForEachMacros:
   # ospfd outliers:
   - 'LSDB_LOOP'
   # first git grep
+  - 'darr_foreach_p'
+  - 'darr_foreach_i'
   - 'frr_each'
   - 'frr_each_safe'
   - 'frr_each_from'

lib/darr.c

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ * June 23 2023, Christian Hopps <chopps@labn.net>
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, LabN Consulting, L.L.C.
+ *
+ */
+#include <zebra.h>
+#include "darr.h"
+
+void __dar_resize(void **a, uint count, size_t esize);
+
+static uint _msb(uint count)
+{
+	uint bit = 0;
+	int msb = 0;
+
+	while (count) {
+		if (count & 1)
+			msb = bit;
+		count >>= 1;
+		bit += 1;
+	}
+	return msb;
+}
+
+static uint darr_next_count(uint count, size_t esize)
+{
+	uint ncount;
+
+	if (esize > sizeof(long long) && count == 1)
+		/* treat like a pointer */
+		ncount = 1;
+	else {
+		uint msb = _msb(count);
+
+		ncount = 1ull << msb;
+		/* if the users count wasn't a pow2 make it the next pow2. */
+		if (ncount != count) {
+			assert(ncount < count);
+			ncount <<= 1;
+			if (esize < sizeof(long long) && ncount < 8)
+				ncount = 8;
+		}
+	}
+	return ncount;
+}
+
+static size_t darr_size(uint count, size_t esize)
+{
+	return count * esize + sizeof(struct darr_metadata);
+}
+
+void *__darr_resize(void *a, uint count, size_t esize)
+{
+	uint ncount = darr_next_count(count, esize);
+	size_t osz = (a == NULL) ? 0 : darr_size(darr_cap(a), esize);
+	size_t sz = darr_size(ncount, esize);
+	struct darr_metadata *dm = realloc(a ? _darr_meta(a) : NULL, sz);
+	/* do *not* use a */
+
+	assert(dm);
+	if (sz > osz)
+		memset((char *)dm + osz, 0, sz - osz);
+
+	dm->cap = ncount;
+
+	return (void *)(dm + 1);
+}
+
+
+void *__darr_insert_n(void *a, uint at, uint count, size_t esize, bool zero)
+{
+
+	struct darr_metadata *dm;
+	uint olen, nlen;
+
+	if (!a)
+		a = __darr_resize(NULL, at + count, esize);
+	dm = (struct darr_metadata *)a - 1;
+	olen = dm->len;
+
+	// at == 1
+	// count == 100
+	// olen == 2
+
+	/* see if the user is expanding first using `at` */
+	if (at >= olen)
+		nlen = at + count;
+	else
+		nlen = olen + count;
+
+	if (nlen > dm->cap) {
+		a = __darr_resize(a, nlen, esize);
+		dm = (struct darr_metadata *)a - 1;
+	}
+
+#define _a_at(i) ((char *)a + ((i)*esize))
+	if (at < olen)
+		memmove(_a_at(at + count), _a_at(at), esize * (olen - at));
+
+	dm->len = nlen;
+
+	if (zero) {
+		if (at >= olen) {
+			at -= olen;
+			count += olen;
+		}
+		memset(_a_at(at), 0, esize * count);
+	}
+
+	return (void *)a;
+#undef _a_at
+}

lib/darr.h

@@ -0,0 +1,363 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ * June 23 2023, Christian Hopps <chopps@labn.net>
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, LabN Consulting, L.L.C.
+ *
+ * API functions:
+ * ==============
+ *  - darr_append
+ *  - darr_append_n
+ *  - darr_append_nz
+ *  - darr_cap
+ *  - darr_ensure_cap
+ *  - darr_ensure_i
+ *  - darr_foreach_i
+ *  - darr_foreach_p
+ *  - darr_free
+ *  - darr_insert
+ *  - darr_insertz
+ *  - darr_insert_n
+ *  - darr_insert_nz
+ *  - darr_len
+ *  - darr_maxi
+ *  - darr_pop
+ *  - darr_push
+ *  - darr_pushz
+ *  - darr_remove
+ *  - darr_remove_n
+ *  - darr_reset
+ *  - darr_setlen
+ */
+/*
+ * A few assured items
+ *
+ * - DAs will never have capacity 0 unless they are NULL pointers.
+ */
+#include <zebra.h>
+
+struct darr_metadata {
+	uint len;
+	uint cap;
+};
+void *__darr_insert_n(void *a, uint at, uint count, size_t esize, bool zero);
+void *__darr_resize(void *a, uint count, size_t esize);
+
+#define _darr_esize(A)	   sizeof((A)[0])
+#define darr_esize(A)	   sizeof((A)[0])
+#define _darr_len(A)	   _darr_meta(A)->len
+#define _darr_meta(A)	   (((struct darr_metadata *)(A)) - 1)
+#define _darr_resize(A, C) ({ (A) = __darr_resize((A), C, _darr_esize(A)); })
+
+/* Get the current capacity of the array */
+#define darr_cap(A) (((A) == NULL) ? 0 : _darr_meta(A)->cap)
+
+/* Get the largest possible index one can `darr_ensure_i` w/o resizing */
+#define darr_maxi(A) ((int)darr_cap(A) - 1)
+
+/**
+ * Get the current length of the array.
+ *
+ * As long as `A` is non-NULL, this macro may be used as an L-value to modify
+ * the length of the array.
+ *
+ * Args:
+ *	A: The dynamic array, can be NULL.
+ *
+ * Return:
+ *      The current length of the array.
+ */
+#define darr_len(A) (((A) == NULL) ? 0 : _darr_meta(A)->len)
+
+/**
+ * Set the current length of the array `A` to 0.
+ *
+ * Args:
+ *	A: The dynamic array, can be NULL.
+ */
+#define darr_reset(A)                                                          \
+	do {                                                                   \
+		if ((A))                                                       \
+			_darr_len(A) = 0;                                      \
+	} while (0)
+
+/**
+ * Set the current length of the array `A` to `L`.
+ *
+ * This function does *not* guarantee the memory is valid to L,
+ * use `darr_ensure` or `darr_ensure_cap` for that.
+ *
+ * Args:
+ *	A: The dynamic array, can only be NULL if (L) == 0.
+ *      L: The new length of the array.
+ */
+#define darr_setlen(A, L)                                                      \
+	do {                                                                   \
+		assert((A) || !(L));                                           \
+		if ((A)) {                                                     \
+			/* have to cast to avoid compiler warning for "0" */   \
+			assert((long long)darr_cap(A) >= (L));                 \
+			_darr_len(A) = (L);                                    \
+		}                                                              \
+	} while (0)
+
+/**
+ * Free memory allocated for the dynamic array `A`
+ *
+ * Args:
+ *	A: The dynamic array, can be NULL.
+ */
+
+#define darr_free(A)                                                           \
+	do {                                                                   \
+		if ((A)) {                                                     \
+			free(_darr_meta(A));                                   \
+			(A) = NULL;                                            \
+		}                                                              \
+	} while (0)
+
+/**
+ * Make sure that there is room in the dynamic array `A` for `C` elements.
+ *
+ * The value `A` may be changed as a result of this call in which case any
+ * pointers into the previous memory block are no longer valid. The `A` value
+ * is guaranteed not to change if there is sufficient capacity in the array.
+ *
+ * Args:
+ *	A: (IN/OUT) the dynamic array, can be NULL.
+ *	I: the index to guarantee memory exists for
+ *
+ * Return:
+ *      A pointer to the (possibly moved) array.
+ */
+#define darr_ensure_cap(A, C)                                                  \
+	({                                                                     \
+		if (darr_cap(A) < (C))                                         \
+			_darr_resize((A), (C));                                \
+		(A);                                                           \
+	})
+
+/**
+ * Return a pointer to the (I)th element of array `A`, making sure there is
+ * room for the element.
+ *
+ * If the array length is less than `I + 1` then the length is set to `I + 1`.
+ *
+ * The value `A` may be changed as a result of this call in which case any
+ * pointers into the previous memory block are no longer valid. The `A` value
+ * is guaranteed not to change if there is sufficient capacity in the array.
+ *
+ * Args:
+ *
+ *	A: (IN/OUT) the dynamic array, can be NULL.
+ *	I: the index to guarantee memory exists for
+ *
+ * Return:
+ *      A pointer to the (I)th element in `A`
+ */
+#define darr_ensure_i(A, I)                                                    \
+	({                                                                     \
+		if ((int)(I) > darr_maxi(A))                                   \
+			_darr_resize((A), (I) + 1);                            \
+		if ((I) + 1 > _darr_len(A))                                    \
+			_darr_len(A) = (I) + 1;                                \
+		&(A)[I];                                                       \
+	})
+
+#define _darr_insert_n(A, I, N, Z)                                             \
+	({                                                                     \
+		(A) = __darr_insert_n(A, I, N, _darr_esize(A), Z);             \
+		&(A)[I];                                                       \
+	})
+/**
+ * Insert N uninitialized elements in the array at index `I`.
+ *
+ * Previous elements from `I` are shifted right by `N`. Array length is
+ * increased by `N`.
+ *
+ * The value `A` may be changed as a result of this call in which case any
+ * pointers into the previous memory block are no longer valid. The `A` value
+ * is guaranteed not to change if there is sufficient capacity in the array.
+ *
+ * The `z` variant zeros new elements.
+ *
+ * Args:
+ *	A: The dynamic array, can be NULL.
+ *
+ * Return:
+ *      A pointer to the first inserted element in the array.
+ */
+#define darr_insert_n(A, I, N)	_darr_insert_n(A, I, N, false)
+#define darr_insert_nz(A, I, N) _darr_insert_n(A, I, N, true)
+
+/**
+ * Insert an uninitialized element in the array at index `I`.
+ *
+ * Previous elements from `I` are shifted right by 1. Array length is
+ * increased by 1.
+ *
+ * The value `A` may be changed as a result of this call in which case any
+ * pointers into the previous memory block are no longer valid. The `A` value
+ * is guaranteed not to change if there is sufficient capacity in the array.
+ *
+ * The `z` variant zeros the new element.
+ *
+ * Args:
+ *	A: The dynamic array, can be NULL.
+ *
+ * Return:
+ *      A pointer to the element in the array.
+ */
+#define darr_insert(A, I)  _darr_insert_n(A, I, 1, false)
+#define darr_insertz(A, I) _darr_insert_n(A, I, 1, true)
+
+/**
+ * Remove `N` elements from the array starting at index `I`.
+ *
+ * Elements from `I` + `N` are shifted left by `N`. Array length is reduced by
+ * `N`.
+ *
+ * Args:
+ *	A: The dynamic array, can be NULL.
+ */
+#define darr_remove_n(A, I, N)                                                 \
+	do {                                                                   \
+		uint __i = (I);                                                \
+		uint __n = (N);                                                \
+		uint __len = darr_len(A);                                      \
+		if (!__len)                                                    \
+			break;                                                 \
+		else if (__i + __n < __len) {                                  \
+			memmove(&(A)[__i], &(A)[__i + __n],                    \
+				_darr_esize(A) * (__len - (__i + __n)));       \
+			_darr_len(A) = __len - __n;                            \
+		} else                                                         \
+			_darr_len(A) = __i;                                    \
+	} while (0)
+
+/**
+ * Remove the `I`th element from the array.
+ *
+ * Previous elements from `I` + 1 are shifted left by 1, Array length is reduced
+ * by 1.
+ *
+ * Args:
+ *	A: The dynamic array, can be NULL.
+ */
+#define darr_remove(A, I) darr_remove_n(A, I, 1)
+
+
+#define _darr_append_n(A, N, Z)                                                \
+	({                                                                     \
+		uint __len = darr_len(A);                                      \
+		darr_ensure_cap(A, __len + (N));                               \
+		_darr_len(A) = __len + (N);                                    \
+		if (Z)                                                         \
+			memset(&(A)[__len], 0, (N)*_darr_esize(A));            \
+		&(A)[__len];                                                   \
+	})
+/**
+ * Extending the array's length by N.
+ *
+ * Args:
+ *	A: The dynamic array, can be NULL.
+ *
+ * The `z` variant zeros new elements.
+ *
+ * Return:
+ *	A pointer to the first of the added elements at the end of the array.
+ */
+#define darr_append_n(A, N)  _darr_append_n(A, N, false)
+#define darr_append_nz(A, N) _darr_append_n(A, N, true)
+
+/**
+ * Extending the array's length by 1.
+ *
+ * Args:
+ *	A: The dynamic array, can be NULL.
+ *
+ * The `z` variant zeros the new element.
+ *
+ * Return:
+ *	A pointer to the new element at the end of the array.
+ */
+#define darr_append(A)	_darr_append_n(A, 1, false)
+#define darr_appendz(A) _darr_append_n(A, 1, true)
+
+/**
+ * Append an element `E` onto the array `A`, extending it's length by 1.
+ *
+ * The `z` variant zeros the new element.
+ *
+ * Args:
+ *	A: The dynamic array, can be NULL.
+ *
+ * Return:
+ *	A pointer to the element in the array.
+ */
+#define darr_push(A, E) (*darr_append(A) = (E))
+#define darr_pushz(A)	(darr_appendz(A))
+
+
+/**
+ * Pop the last `N` elements from the array decrementing the length by `N`.
+ *
+ * Args:
+ *	A: The dynamic array, can be NULL.
+ */
+#define darr_pop_n(A, N)                                                       \
+	do {                                                                   \
+		if ((A) && (N) >= _darr_len(A))                                \
+			darr_reset(A);                                         \
+		else                                                           \
+			_darr_len(A) -= (N);                                   \
+	} while (0)
+
+
+/**
+ * Pop the last element from the array decrementing the length by 1.
+ *
+ * Args:
+ *	A: The dynamic array, can be NULL.
+ *
+ * Return:
+ *      The element just popped.
+ */
+#define darr_pop(A)                                                            \
+	({                                                                     \
+		uint __len = _darr_len(A);                                     \
+		assert(__len);                                                 \
+		darr_remove(A, __len - 1);                                     \
+		/* count on fact that we don't resize */                       \
+		(A)[__len - 1];                                                \
+	})
+
+/**
+ * Return the address at the end of the array -- useful for iterating
+ *
+ * Args:
+ *	A: The dynamic array, can be NULL.
+ *
+ * Return:
+ *	The address of the end of the array (past the last elment) or NULL
+ *	if `A` is NULL.
+ */
+#define darr_end(A) ((A) + darr_len(A))
+
+/**
+ * Iterate over array `A` using a pointer to each element in `P`.
+ *
+ * Args:
+ *	A: The dynamic array, can be NULL.
+ *	P: A variable with the same type as A used as the iterator.
+ */
+#define darr_foreach_p(A, P) for ((P) = (A); (P) < darr_end(A); (P)++)
+
+/**
+ * Iterate over array `A`s indices.
+ *
+ * Args:
+ *	A: The dynamic array, can be NULL.
+ *	I: A uint variable to store the current element index in.
+ */
+#define darr_foreach_i(A, I) for ((I) = 0; (I) < darr_len(A); (I)++)

lib/subdir.am

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ lib_libfrr_la_SOURCES = \
 	lib/command_parse.y \
 	lib/cspf.c \
 	lib/csv.c \
+	lib/darr.c \
 	lib/debug.c \
 	lib/defaults.c \
 	lib/distribute.c \
@@ -209,6 +210,7 @@ pkginclude_HEADERS += \
 	lib/compiler.h \
 	lib/cspf.h \
 	lib/csv.h \
+	lib/darr.h \
 	lib/db.h \
 	lib/debug.h \
 	lib/defaults.h \

tests/lib/subdir.am

@@ -157,6 +157,13 @@ tests_lib_test_checksum_LDADD = $(ALL_TESTS_LDADD)
 tests_lib_test_checksum_SOURCES = tests/lib/test_checksum.c tests/helpers/c/prng.c
 
 
+check_PROGRAMS += tests/lib/test_darr
+tests_lib_test_darr_CFLAGS = $(TESTS_CFLAGS)
+tests_lib_test_darr_CPPFLAGS = $(TESTS_CPPFLAGS)
+tests_lib_test_darr_LDADD = $(ALL_TESTS_LDADD)
+tests_lib_test_darr_SOURCES = tests/lib/test_darr.c
+
+
 check_PROGRAMS += tests/lib/test_graph
 tests_lib_test_graph_CFLAGS = $(TESTS_CFLAGS)
 tests_lib_test_graph_CPPFLAGS = $(TESTS_CPPFLAGS)

tests/lib/test_darr.c

@@ -0,0 +1,279 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ * June 23 2023, Christian Hopps <chopps@labn.net>
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2023, LabN Consulting, L.L.C.
+ *
+ */
+#include <zebra.h>
+#include "darr.h"
+
+/*
+ * Public functions to test:
+ * [x] - darr_append
+ * [x] - darr_append_n
+ * [x] - darr_append_nz
+ * [x] - darr_cap
+ * [-] - darr_ensure_cap
+ * [x] - darr_ensure_i
+ * [x] - darr_foreach_i
+ * [x] - darr_foreach_p
+ * [x] - darr_free
+ * [x] - darr_insert
+ * [ ] - darr_insertz
+ * [x] - darr_insert_n
+ * [x] - darr_insert_nz
+ * [x] - darr_maxi
+ * [x] - darr_pop
+ * [x] - darr_push
+ * [ ] - darr_pushz
+ * [x] - darr_remove
+ * [x] - darr_remove_n
+ * [x] - darr_reset
+ * [x] - darr_setlen
+ */
+
+static void test_int(void)
+{
+	int z105[105] = {0};
+	int a1[] = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4};
+	int a2[] = {4, 3, 2, 1, 0};
+	int *da1 = NULL;
+	int *da2 = NULL;
+	int *dap;
+	uint i;
+
+	darr_ensure_i(da1, 0);
+	da1[0] = 0;
+	assert(darr_len(da1) == 1);
+	assert(darr_cap(da1) == 1);
+
+	*darr_ensure_i(da1, 1) = 1;
+	assert(darr_len(da1) == 2);
+	assert(darr_cap(da1) == 2);
+
+	darr_ensure_i(da1, 4);
+	darr_foreach_i (da1, i)
+		da1[i] = i;
+
+	assert(darr_len(da1) == 5);
+	/* minimum non-pow2 array size for long long and smaller */
+	assert(darr_cap(da1) == 8);
+	assert(!memcmp(da1, a1, sizeof(a1)));
+
+	/* reverse the numbers */
+	darr_foreach_p (da1, dap)
+		*dap = darr_end(da1) - dap - 1;
+	assert(!memcmp(da1, a2, sizeof(a2)));
+
+	darr_append_n(da1, 100);
+	darr_foreach_p (da1, dap)
+		*dap = darr_end(da1) - dap - 1;
+
+	darr_pop_n(da1, 100);
+	darr_append_nz(da1, 100);
+	assert(!memcmp(&da1[5], z105, _darr_esize(da1) * 100));
+
+	assert(darr_len(da1) == 105);
+	assert(darr_maxi(da1) == 127);
+	assert(darr_cap(da1) == 128);
+
+	darr_setlen(da1, 102);
+	assert(darr_len(da1) == 102);
+	assert(darr_maxi(da1) == 127);
+
+	int a3[] = { 0xdeadbeaf, 0x12345678 };
+
+	da1[0] = a3[0];
+	da1[101] = a3[1];
+	darr_remove_n(da1, 1, 100);
+	assert(darr_len(da1) == array_size(a3));
+	assert(!memcmp(da1, a3, sizeof(a3)));
+
+	da1[0] = a3[1];
+	da1[1] = a3[0];
+
+	darr_insert_n(da1, 1, 100);
+	assert(darr_len(da1) == 102);
+	assert(da1[0] == a3[1]);
+	assert(da1[101] == a3[0]);
+
+	darr_reset(da1);
+	assert(darr_len(da1) == 0);
+	assert(darr_maxi(da1) == 127);
+	assert(darr_cap(da1) == 128);
+
+	/* we touch the length field of the freed block here somehow */
+	darr_insert_n(da1, 100, 300);
+	assert(darr_len(da1) == 400);
+	assert(darr_cap(da1) == 512);
+
+	da1[400 - 1] = 0x0BAD;
+	*darr_insert(da1, 0) = 0xF00D;
+	assert(da1[0] == 0xF00D);
+	assert(da1[400] == 0x0BAD);
+	assert(darr_len(da1) == 401);
+	assert(darr_cap(da1) == 512);
+
+	darr_free(da1);
+	assert(da1 == NULL);
+	assert(darr_len(da1) == 0);
+	darr_setlen(da1, 0);
+	darr_reset(da1);
+	darr_free(da1);
+
+	*darr_append(da2) = 0;
+	*darr_append(da2) = 1;
+	darr_push(da2, 2);
+	darr_push(da2, 3);
+	darr_push(da2, 4);
+
+	assert(!memcmp(da2, a1, sizeof(a1)));
+
+	assert(darr_pop(da2) == 4);
+	assert(darr_pop(da2) == 3);
+	assert(darr_pop(da2) == 2);
+	assert(darr_len(da2) == 2);
+	assert(darr_pop(da2) == 1);
+	assert(darr_pop(da2) == 0);
+	assert(darr_len(da2) == 0);
+
+	darr_free(da2);
+}
+
+static void test_struct(void)
+{
+	/*
+	 *uwould like to use different sizes with padding but memcmp can't be
+	 *used then.
+	 */
+	struct st {
+		long long a;
+		long long b;
+	};
+	struct st z102[102] = {{0, 0}};
+	struct st *da1 = NULL;
+	struct st *da2 = NULL;
+	struct st a1[] = {
+		{0, 0}, {1, 1}, {2, 2}, {3, 3}, {4, 4},
+	};
+	uint i;
+
+	darr_ensure_i(da1, 0);
+	da1[0].a = 0;
+	da1[0].b = 0;
+	assert(darr_len(da1) == 1);
+	assert(darr_cap(da1) == 1);
+
+	darr_ensure_i(da1, 1)->a = 1;
+	darr_ensure_i(da1, 1)->b = 1;
+	assert(darr_len(da1) == 2);
+	assert(darr_cap(da1) == 2);
+
+	darr_ensure_i(da1, 4);
+	da1[2].a = 2;
+	da1[2].b = 2;
+
+	da1[3].a = 3;
+	da1[3].b = 3;
+
+	da1[4].a = 4;
+	da1[4].b = 4;
+
+	assert(darr_len(da1) == 5);
+	/* minimum non-pow2 array size for long long and smaller */
+	assert(darr_cap(da1) == 8);
+	assert(!memcmp(da1, a1, sizeof(a1)));
+
+	darr_append_n(da1, 100);
+
+	assert(darr_len(da1) == 105);
+	assert(darr_maxi(da1) == 127);
+	assert(darr_cap(da1) == 128);
+
+	darr_setlen(da1, 102);
+	assert(darr_len(da1) == 102);
+	assert(darr_maxi(da1) == 127);
+
+	struct st a2[] = {
+		{0xdeadbeaf, 0xdeadbeaf},
+		{0x12345678, 0x12345678},
+	};
+	da1[0] = a2[0];
+	da1[101] = a2[1];
+	darr_remove_n(da1, 1, 100);
+	assert(darr_len(da1) == array_size(a2));
+	assert(!memcmp(da1, a2, sizeof(a2)));
+
+	da1[0] = a2[1];
+	da1[1] = a2[0];
+
+	darr_insert_n(da1, 1, 100);
+	assert(darr_len(da1) == 102);
+	darr_foreach_i (da1, i) {
+		da1[i].a = i;
+		da1[i].b = i;
+	}
+	darr_remove_n(da1, 1, 100);
+	assert(darr_len(da1) == 2);
+	darr_insert_nz(da1, 1, 100);
+	assert(!memcmp(&da1[1], z102, 100 * sizeof(da1[0])));
+	/* assert(da1[0] == a2[1]); */
+	/* assert(da1[101] == a2[0]); */
+
+	darr_reset(da1);
+	assert(darr_len(da1) == 0);
+	assert(darr_maxi(da1) == 127);
+	assert(darr_cap(da1) == 128);
+
+	/* we touch the length field of the freed block here somehow */
+	darr_insert_n(da1, 100, 300);
+
+	assert(darr_len(da1) == 400);
+	assert(darr_cap(da1) == 512);
+
+	darr_free(da1);
+	assert(da1 == NULL);
+
+	assert(darr_len(da1) == 0);
+	darr_setlen(da1, 0);
+	darr_reset(da1);
+
+	darr_free(da1);
+
+	struct st i0 = {0, 0};
+	struct st i1 = {1, 1};
+	struct st i2 = {2, 2};
+	struct st i3 = {3, 3};
+	struct st i4 = {4, 4};
+
+	*darr_append(da2) = i0;
+	*darr_append(da2) = i1;
+	darr_push(da2, i2);
+	darr_push(da2, i3);
+	darr_push(da2, i4);
+
+	assert(!memcmp(da2, a1, sizeof(a1)));
+
+	struct st p0, p1, p2, p3, p4;
+
+	p4 = darr_pop(da2);
+	p3 = darr_pop(da2);
+	p2 = darr_pop(da2);
+	p1 = darr_pop(da2);
+	p0 = darr_pop(da2);
+	assert(darr_len(da2) == 0);
+	assert(p4.a == i4.a && p4.b == i4.b);
+	assert(p3.a == i3.a && p3.b == i3.b);
+	assert(p2.a == i2.a && p2.b == i2.b);
+	assert(p1.a == i1.a && p1.b == i1.b);
+	assert(p0.a == i0.a && p0.b == i0.b);
+
+	darr_free(da2);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	test_int();
+	test_struct();
+}